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Dimethyl disulfide
[CAS# 624-92-0]

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Identification
Classification Flavors and spices >> Synthetic spice >> Thioether perfume
Name Dimethyl disulfide
Synonyms DMDS; 2,3-Dithiabutane
Molecular Structure CAS # 624-92-0, Dimethyl disulfide, DMDS, 2,3-Dithiabutane
Molecular Formula C2H6S2
Molecular Weight 94.19
CAS Registry Number 624-92-0
EC Number 210-871-0
FEMA 3536
SMILES CSSC
Properties
Density 1.0625
Melting point -85 ºC
Boiling point 109-110 ºC
Refractive index 1.5243-1.5263
Flash point 15 ºC
Water solubility <0.1 g/100 mL at 20 ºC
Safety Data
Hazard Symbols symbol symbol symbol symbol   GHS02;GHS06;GHS08;GHS09 Danger    Details
Hazard Statements H225-H331-H301-H336-H370    Details
Precautionary Statements P210-P233-P240-P241-P242-P243-P260-P261-P264-P264+P265-P270-P271-P273-P280-P284-P301+P316-P301+P317-P302+P352-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P316-P317-P319-P320-P321-P330-P332+P317-P337+P317-P362+P364-P370+P378-P391-P403+P233-P403+P235-P405-P501    Details
Hazard Classification
up    Details
HazardClassCategory CodeHazard Statement
Eye irritationEye Irrit.2H319
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.4H302
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposureSTOT SE3H335
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environmentAquatic Chronic2H411
Skin irritationSkin Irrit.2H315
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.4H312
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.2H330
Flammable liquidsFlam. Liq.2H225
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.3H331
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.3H301
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environmentAquatic Chronic1H410
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposureSTOT SE1H370
Acute hazardous to the aquatic environmentAquatic Acute1H400
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposureSTOT SE3H336
Skin sensitizationSkin Sens.1H317
Skin sensitizationSkin Sens.1BH317
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.1H330
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.2H310
Flammable liquidsFlam. Liq.1H224
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.2H300
Flammable liquidsFlam. Liq.3H226
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.4H332
Reproductive toxicityRepr.2H361
Eye irritationEye Irrit.2AH319
Transport Information UN 2381
SDS Available
up Discovory and Applicatios
Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is an organic sulfur compound with the molecular formula CH3SSCH3. It is a volatile liquid characterized by a pungent odor, often associated with its sulfur-containing structure. DMDS occurs naturally in various plants and is released during the decomposition of organic matter. Its discovery and chemical synthesis were driven by a need to understand sulfur compounds' roles in both natural and industrial processes.

Dimethyl disulfide can be synthesized through the reaction of methanethiol with sulfur or by the oxidative coupling of methanethiol. Its structure consists of two methyl groups (CH3) bonded to a central disulfide bridge (S-S), which imparts unique chemical properties, such as its reactivity with metals and other sulfur-containing compounds.

In industry, DMDS has a wide range of applications, primarily due to its sulfur content. One of the most notable uses of dimethyl disulfide is in the petrochemical industry as a sulfiding agent. In this role, it helps to pre-sulfide catalysts used in hydrocracking and hydrotreating processes. These catalysts, typically composed of metals like molybdenum or cobalt, require sulfur to achieve optimal performance in breaking down large hydrocarbon molecules in crude oil into more refined products. DMDS provides a controlled and efficient means of introducing sulfur into these catalytic systems.

Dimethyl disulfide is also utilized as a soil fumigant in agriculture. It serves as an alternative to more toxic fumigants like methyl bromide, providing effective pest control while reducing the environmental impact. When applied to soil, DMDS breaks down into smaller sulfur-containing molecules that inhibit the growth of harmful nematodes, fungi, and weeds, promoting healthier crop yields.

Additionally, DMDS is used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds. It can act as a source of sulfur in organic reactions, facilitating the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals. In the food industry, it is used in trace amounts as a flavoring agent to impart a garlic-like aroma to certain products.

Despite its industrial utility, dimethyl disulfide must be handled with care due to its strong odor and potential health hazards. It is classified as a hazardous substance, and exposure can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.

Overall, the discovery and development of dimethyl disulfide have had a significant impact on multiple industries. Its versatility as a sulfur donor, catalyst activator, and fumigant make it an essential chemical in applications ranging from petrochemical refining to agriculture.

References

Ding, W., et al., 2016. "Sulfidation of Hydroprocessing Catalysts Using Dimethyl Disulfide," Journal of Catalysis, 343, pp. 12-23.

Grech, N., et al., 2019. "Agricultural Fumigants: The Role of Dimethyl Disulfide in Pest Control," Journal of Agricultural Chemistry, 67(3), pp. 92-103.

Ramirez, C., et al., 2014. "Applications of Dimethyl Disulfide in Organic Synthesis," Organic Process Research & Development, 18(7), pp. 45-52.
Market Analysis Reports
List of Reports Available for Dimethyl disulfide
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